№5 2014 (SUMMARIES)
Sychology Of Choice.
I. Beyond Rationality
Leont’ev D.A.
Theoretical analysis of modern situation in
problem of choice in psychology is presented in the article. Three main aspects
of the problem: (1) relationship between choice and decision-making; (2)
analysis and interpretation of phenomena of socio-cultural construction of
choice or no-choice situations and (3) substantiation of interpretation of
choice as a form of intrinsic activity and its varieties are in its focus.
Key words: choice, uncertainty,
decision-making, rationality, judgment, culture, construction, activity,
operations, means, energy
Socio-psychological
grounds of national scientific-research culture
Konnov V.I.
Pecific features of Russian scientific
community that distinguish it from analogous ones in other countries and make
it possible to introduce a category of national scientific-research culture are
considered. Inner structure of this category including values and practices
that are organized at the levels of world’s scientific culture, national,
humanitarian or natural-science, organizational cultures of concrete research
institutes, universities etc. are analyzed. The question about psychological determination
of scientific-research culture with a value component as the leading is put.
Strategy for scientific culture study via analysis of crucial historic points,
determining fundamental revision of scientific-research practices is proposed.
Key words: scientific-research
culture, psychology of science, national peculiarities of scientific activity
Neural network
analysis of the relationship between verbal and nonverbal intelligence in
younger adolescents
Slavutskaya E.V., Slavutskii L.A.
A new complex data processing method based on
factor analysis and artificial neural networks is presented. With its help, the
results of testing of younger adolescents by using Cattell’s “Culture Free
Intellect Test” and 12-factor questionnaire were analyzed. It is shown
quantitatively that the formation of relationships between verbal and nonverbal
intelligence depends essentially on children’s personality traits. Using neural
networks allows to reveal new patterns and to evaluate strongly nonlinear
relationships between psychological characteristics. Such relationships are
difficult to analyze by traditional statistical methods.
Key words: artificial neural networks, factor
analysis, personal traits, younger adolescents, verbal intelligence, nonverbal
intelligence, neural network analysis
Psychological
researches of cosmonauts’ functional states: achievements and perspectives
Dikaya L.G.
The article is devoted to the analysis of
fundamental research results of functional states and operability of human
operator in conditions simulating space flight factors. The large amount of
fundamental and practical results obtained in the course of joint researches of
the Institute of Psychology RAS with other institutes involved in cosmonautics
is analyzed. The main areas of researches are: development of psychometric
methods for diagnosis of mental processes and functional states of cosmonauts
in different situations and conditions of activity; search for the
subject-personality determinants of adaptation to difficult situations in
unusual human space flight; self-regulation of negative functional states
developing in extreme conditions of performance; the problems of group
performance and interpersonal relationships in a crew.
Key words: cosmonaut, human operator, modeling
of space flight factors, adaptation, operability, psychophysiology, functional
states, sensory deprivation, psychophysics, spatial perception,
self-regulation, stress, motivational and volitional determinants,
system-performance concept
Perfectionism as a
prognostic sign of unfavorable course of depressive disorders
N. G. Garanyan, V. N. Vasil'eva
The hypothesis that the level of perfectionism
can be used as a prognostic sign for unfavorable course of depressive disorders
and resistance to pharmacotherapy is tested. In the group of 40 patients with
unfavorable course of depressive disorders and bad reaction to antidepressant
therapy (non-responders) higher values of perfectionism's parameters
independent of depressive state's severity were registered compared to
analogous values of 40 respondents. Correlations between perfectionism
parameters and characteristics of depressive disorders' course (positive - with
disease remoteness, number of hospi¬talizations, duration of current episode
and negative - with the remission's duration) were revealed. According to
discriminant analysis some perfectionism's parameters serve as a criterion for
patients' group belonging.
Key words: depressive disorders,
chronification, therapeutic resistance, personal factors, perfectionism,
respondents, non-responders.
Statistical analysis
of doctoral dissertations on psychology (1935-2013 years)
Antsupov A. Ya., Kandybovitch S.L., Kruk V.M.,
Timchenko G.N., Kharitonov A.N.
The paper presents quantitative analysis of
doctorate dissertations defended by Russian psychologists during the last 77
years. The objectives of the study were: establishing dynamic tendencies in the
amount of dissertations defended yearly; estimation of the number of doctorate
dissertation defended in various regions and in various scientific specialties;
identification of the age and gender differences among the dissertation
authors; evaluation of the frequency of typical dissertation research matters
and the most frequently studied categories of subjects. The main conclusions
are the following. Evolutional exponential growth of average amount of yearly
defended dissertation was identified. 53 % of the dissertations were defended
in Moscow, 17.2 % in Leningrad - S-Petersburg, and 29.8 % in other cities. More
that 70% of doctorate dissertations were defended on four specialties: 19.00.01
- 27.0 %, 19.00.07 - 23.0 %, 19.00.05 - 12 %, 19.00.13 - 9.7 %. 690
dissertations were defended by men and 623 ones by women, 52.5 % and 47.5 %
respectively. During the last 3 years, approximately 80% of doctorate
dissertations were defended by women. Average age of the applicant at the time
of defense was 48.3. The matters of personality performance, groups, learning,
thinking, and acmeology were studied most of all. The most frequent respondents
were schoolchildren, preschoolers, college and university students and
teenagers. A number of interesting quantitative aspects of the doctorate
dissertations was identified and partly explained, that resulted in deeper
evaluation of the Russian psychology current state.
Key words: psychology, doctoral dissertation,
quantitative analysis, research matters, academic degree, scientific specialty,
applicant’s age, defended dissertations number dynamics
Social psychological
research of victimity of girls - victims of sex slavery
Churakova I.E.
Socio-psychological conditions for origin of
victimity and victim behavior of girls - victims of sex slavery have been
studied. The study was conducted in the Moscow rehabilitation center of
International Organization for Migration for the victims of trafficking. 78
females - victims of sex slavery aging 15-35 constitute the main group in the
study; the control group consists of 100 female students of the university
aging 18-25 years. Significant differences in the level of socialization,
personality characteristics, and conditions of socialization were revealed
between groups. Six groups of key socio-psychological features characterizing
cognitive, emotional and volitional, personality factors of victimization,
rehabilitation potential, traumatic experience, typical for female victims of
sex slavery were identified by means of factor analysis. It was proved that
victimity as a socio-psychological mechanism of social behavior regulation
correlates with girls’ difficult life situation, as well as with social
immaturity, which is a consequence of unfavorable conditions of socialization.
Key words: victimity, victim behavior,
girls-victims, disfunctional family, unfavorable conditions of socialization,
low socialization, psychological trauma, human trafficking, sexual slavery,
sex-trafficking, social and psychological immaturity of personality, difficult
life situation, conditions of victimization
Psychological aspects
of interface problem in technogenic world
Sergeev S.F.
Theoretical and methodological problems arising
in ergonomics systems and industrial environments interfaces designing are
examined in the article. A number of solutions (both psychological and
technical) to the “man-including-into-the-ergatic-system” problem is presented.
Peculiarities of mechanisms of functioning of consciousness’s as the interface
connecting the subject with the world of activities are described. Some types
of intelligence units emerge in interface systems, depending on the level of
organization and intelligence-involving interaction’s processes are proposed.
Key words: interface, user interface,
operator, consciousness, ergatic system, technogenic environment, hybrid
intelligence, artificial intelligence, diffuse intelligence
Электронные журналы Института психологии РАН
Международная юбилейная научная конференция
7 - 8 декабря 2023 г., Москва
Сборник конференции молодых ученых, 2019
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